Introduction Flooded lead-acid batteries have been a cornerstone of energy storage for over a century. Known for their reliability, affordability, and robustness, these batteries are used in various applications, from automotive to industrial…

Introduction Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs), also known as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), have become indispensable tools in various sectors, including scientific research, military operations, oil and gas exploration, and environmental monitoring. The performance…

Introduction Medical implants represent a critical advancement in healthcare, providing life-saving and life-enhancing solutions for millions of patients worldwide. The power supply for these devices is crucial, as it ensures their continuous and…

Introduction In today’s digitally driven world, the continuous operation of business-critical systems is paramount. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems, which rely heavily on lead-acid batteries, play a crucial role in ensuring that businesses…

Introduction Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in a variety of applications, from consumer electronics and electric vehicles (EVs) to renewable energy storage systems. However, their performance can be significantly affected by cold weather…

Introduction Lead-acid batteries are widely used in various applications, including automotive, industrial, renewable energy storage, and backup power systems. While they are known for their reliability and cost-effectiveness, their performance can be significantly…